Mujer joven con poliadenopatías y anasarca. ¿Es siempre neoplásico?

PB-122 Introducción: La enfermedad de Castleman (EC) es una entidad linfoproliferativa, descrita por primera vez en 1954. Tiene dos formas de presentación: unicéntrica, con afectación de un único ganglio linfático y multicéntrica (ECM), con afectación de múltiples nódulos y presentación clínica en forma de linfadenopatías, fiebre, pérdida de peso, disnea, edemas, anemia e hipoalbuminemia. En la patogenia de la enfermedad hay una sobreproducción de IL6, que induce un síndrome proinflamatorio, responsable de los síntomas clínicos. ECM puede ser secundaria a infección por virus VIH y VHH8. En pacientes que no se demuestra causa etiológica se denomina ECM idiopática (ECMi), dentro de la cual se diferencian dos subtipos clínicos ECMi-TAFRO (trombocitopenia, anasarca, fiebre, fibrosis reticulínica/disfunción renal y organomegalia), o ECMi-NOS (not otherwise specified). ^ Métodos: se presenta el caso de una paciente con enfermedad de Castleman multicéntrica idiopática. Resultados: El caso corresponde a una mujer de 53 años, sin antecedentes patológicos de interés, que en junio 2018, ingresa en el servicio de Medicina Interna de nuestro centro, por cuadro de fiebre, ascitis, derrame pleural y síndrome poliadenopático sin filiar. Durante ingreso presenta una evolución tórpida, objetivándose a la exploración esplenomegalia y cuadro de anasarca. Analíticamente destacan hipoalbuminemia (1, 1 g/dl), insuficiencia renal (creatinina 1, 88 mg/dl, FGE 36 mil/min), anemia (Hb 10, 3 g/dl), trombocitopenia (123000/mm3) y elevación de reactantes de fase aguda (PCR 36 mg/dl, ferritina 1063 ng/ml, fibrinógeno 1000 mg/dl). En PET/TC se observa un patron poliadenopático discretamente hipermetabólico supra e infradiafragmático, con incremento de captación difuso del radiotrazador en bazo (SUV máx ..

Experiencia en un centro de la suspension de inhibidores de tirosin cinasa en pacientes con lmc en respuesta molecular completa prolongada

PO-178 Introducción: Los inhibidores de tirosin cinasas (ITK) han mejorado ostensiblemente el pronóstico y evolución de los pacientes con Leucemia Mieloide Crónica (LMC). En la actualidad la remisión libre de tratamiento (RLT) está siendo considerada como un nuevo objetivo para los pacientes que presentan respuestas profundas y prolongadas, aunque la mayoría de la información corresponde a ensayos clínicos. Con la discontinuación se mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes y es una medida de contención del gasto sanitario. Presentamos la experiencia de discontinuación de tratamiento de un centro. Pacientes y métodos: Desde 2002 hasta la actualidad hemos tratado 63 pacientes con LMC e ITK, de los que siguen en tratamiento 55 (6 muertes, 4 de ellas no por LMC y 2 pérdida de seguimiento). De ellos han discontinuado el tratamiento con ITK 15 pacientes (27%), de los cuales 3 han sido en el contexto de ensayo clínico y 12 en práctica de vida real. El motivo de discontinuación fueron efectos adversos en 3 pacientes (edemas, estreñimiento y claudicación intermitente), 3 en ensayo clínico y 9 por consenso médico/paciente. El motivo de cambio de ITK en el caso 1 fue por intolerancia, caso 2 por falta de respuesta (<RMM) a Imatinib, con presencia de la mutación G250E y en el caso 3 por falta de respuesta (<RMM). Los casos 7, 8 y 9 dentro de ensayo clínico. Se realizó monitorización de la PCR cuantitativa BCR/ABL mensual durante los primeros 6 meses y después bimensual hasta el año y posteriormente cada 3 meses. Las características de los pacientes se reflejan en Tabla 1. ..

Association between the proliferative rate of neoplastic B cells, their maturation stage, and underlying cytogenetic abnormalities in B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders: Analysis of a series of 432 patients

Trabajo presentado al "13th Congress of the European Hematology Association" celebrado en Copenhague en Junio del 2008.-- et al.Limited knowledge exists about the impact of specific genetic abnormalities on the proliferation of neoplastic B cells from chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B- CLPDs). Here we analyze the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities on the proliferation of neoplastic B cells in 432 B-CLPD patients, grouped according to diagnosis and site of sampling, versus their normal counterparts. Overall, proliferation of neoplastic B cells highly varied among the different B-CLPD subtypes, the greatest numbers of proliferating cells being identified in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Compared with normal B cells, neoplastic B-CLPD cells showed significantly increased S + G2/M-phase values in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), BL, and some DLBCL cases. Conversely, decreased proliferation was observed in follicular lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/ Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (LPL/ WM), and some DLBCL patients; hairy cell leukemia, splenic marginal zone, and MALT-lymphoma patients showed S + G 2/ M phase values similar to normal mature B lymphocytes from LN. Interestingly, in B-CLL and MCL significantly higher percentages of S + G 2/M cells were detected in BM versus PB and in LN versus BM and PB samples, respectively. In turn, presence of 14q32.3 gene rearrangements and DNA aneuploidy, was associated with a higher percentage of S + G2/M-phase cells among LPL/WM and B-CLL cases, respectively. © 2008 by The American Society of Hematology.This work has been partially supported by the following grants: FIS 06/0824, from the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Madrid, Spain) and RETICC RD06/0020/0035 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Madrid, Spain). S.Q. is supported by a grant from COLCIENCIAS (Bogotá, Colombia), J.M.S. is supported by a grant from the Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Madrid, Spain; CP05/ 00321), A.R. is supported by a grant from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Madrid, Spain) y Fondo Social Europeo, and C.F. is supported by a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Madrid, Spain; CM05/00250).Peer Reviewe

Prosthetic Valve Candida spp. Endocarditis: New Insights into Long-term Prognosis-The ESCAPE Study

Background. Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Candida spp. (PVE-C) is rare and devastating, with international guidelines based on expert recommendations supporting the combination of surgery and subsequent azole treatment. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed PVE-C cases collected in Spain and France between 2001 and 2015, with a focus on management and outcome. Results. Forty-six cases were followed up for a median of 9 months. Twenty-two patients (48%) had a history of endocarditis, 30 cases (65%) were nosocomial or healthcare related, and 9 (20%) patients were intravenous drug users. "Induction" therapy consisted mainly of liposomal amphotericin B (L-amB)-based (n = 21) or echinocandin-based therapy (n = 13). Overall, 19 patients (41%) were operated on. Patients &lt;66 years old and without cardiac failure were more likely to undergo cardiac surgery (adjusted odds ratios [aORs], 6.80 [95% confdence interval [CI], 1.59-29.13] and 10.92 [1.15-104.06], respectively). Surgery was not associated with better survival rates at 6 months. Patients who received L-amB alone had a better 6-month survival rate than those who received an echinocandin alone (aOR, 13.52; 95% CI, 1.03-838.10). "Maintenance" fluconazole therapy, prescribed in 21 patients for a median duration of 13 months (range, 2-84 months), led to minor adverse effects. Conclusion. L-amB induction treatment improves survival in patients with PVE-C. Medical treatment followed by long-term maintenance fluconazole may be the best treatment option for frail patients

Antimicrobial management of Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis: the Spanish Collaboration on Endocarditis (GAMES) experience

OBJECTIVES: Tropheryma whipplei has been detected in 3.5% of the blood culture-negative cases of endocarditis in Spain. Experience in the management of T. whipplei endocarditis is limited. Here we report the long-term outcome of the treatment of previously reported patients who were diagnosed with infective endocarditis (IE) caused by T. whipplei from the Spanish Collaboration on Endocarditis-Grupo de Apoyo al Manejo de la Endocarditis Infecciosa en Espana (GAMES) and discuss potential options for antimicrobial therapy for IE caused by T. whipplei. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventeen patients with T. whipplei endocarditis were recruited between 2008 and 2014 in 25 Spanish hospitals. Patients were classified according to the therapeutic regimen: ceftriaxone and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline + hydroxychloroquine and other treatment options. RESULTS: Follow-up data were obtained from 14 patients. The median follow-up was 46.5 months. All patients completed the antibiotic treatment prescribed, with a median duration of 13 months. Six patients were treated with ceftriaxone and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (median duration 13 months), four with doxycycline + hydroxychloroquine (median duration 13.8 months) and four with other treatment options (median duration 22.3 months). The follow-up after the end of the treatments was between 5 and 84 months (median 24 months). CONCLUSIONS: All treatment lines were effective and well tolerated. Therapeutic failures were not detected during the treatment. None of the patients died or experienced a relapse during the follow-up. Only six patients received antibiotic treatment in accordance with guidelines. These data suggest that shorter antimicrobial treatments could be effective

Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment for Infective Endocarditis: A Prospective Cohort Study From the GAMES Cohort

BACKGROUND: Outpatient parenteral antibiotic treatment (OPAT) has proven efficacious for treating infective endocarditis (IE). However, the 2001 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) criteria for OPAT in IE are very restrictive. We aimed to compare the outcomes of OPAT with those of hospital-based antibiotic treatment (HBAT). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of data from a multicenter, prospective cohort study of 2000 consecutive IE patients in 25 Spanish hospitals (2008-2012) was performed. RESULTS: A total of 429 patients (21.5%) received OPAT, and only 21.7% fulfilled IDSA criteria. Males accounted for 70.5%, median age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR], 56-76), and 57% had native-valve IE. The most frequent causal microorganisms were viridans group streptococci (18.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.6%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (14.5%). Median length of antibiotic treatment was 42 days (IQR, 32-54), and 44% of patients underwent cardiac surgery. One-year mortality was 8% (42% for HBAT; P < .001), 1.4% of patients relapsed, and 10.9% were readmitted during the first 3 months after discharge (no significant differences compared with HBAT). Charlson score (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.42; P = .01) and cardiac surgery (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, .09-.63; P = .04) were associated with 1-year mortality, whereas aortic valve involvement (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, .22-.98; P = .007) was the only predictor of 1-year readmission. Failing to fulfill IDSA criteria was not a risk factor for mortality or readmission. CONCLUSIONS: OPAT provided excellent results despite the use of broader criteria than those recommended by IDSA. OPAT criteria should therefore be expanded